Summary of plant–animal associations from the technical publication of Maddison (1993) "UNDP/FAO-SPEC Survey of Agricultural Pests and Diseases in the South Pacific Technical Report Volume 3. Pests and other Fauna associated with Plants"
| Peter A. Maddison and Trevor K. Crosby |
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contents (index)  |
The technical publication of Maddison (1993) has been very difficult to access because it was published on microfiche with only a limited number of copies. Copies were distributed to the seven countries in the survey (American Samoa, Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Niue, Kingdom of Tonga, Samoa, and Tuvalu) as well as libraries of agencies funding or associated with the work. It has never been widely available. Consequently it has been overlooked by many researchers and agencies interested in animal–plant associations which are significant in agriculture.
To enhance the use of the information from this technical publication, summaries were prepared in a list format and these are now made available in downloadable, searchable PDF format for each of the approximately 3600 plants. For each plant a list is provided of animals associated with that plant according to literature records up to 1984 (the supporting references are listed in the full version) or by specimens collected in the entomological survey and now held in trust for the Pacific countries in the New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, Auckland.
The summary lists complement the complete information text by making it easier to discover and extract information on what animals have been recorded as being associated with particular plants. As well, these lists make it easier to find all occurrences of a particular animal across plant species using the "Search" option for PDFs.
Searchable summary PDFs from "Technical Report Volume 3, Maddison (1993)"
Plant–Animal association summary, AA0001 Agavaceae — AH0001 Arales (76 pages, 0.58 MB)
Plant–Animal association summary, AI0001 Arecaceae — AI0143 Dypsis spp. (60 pages, 0.48 MB)
Plant–Animal association summary, AI0144 Elaeis guineensis — AI0406 palms (80 pages, 0.64 MB)
Plant–Animal association summary, AJ0001 Asparagaceae — AU0001 Cyperales (74 pages, 0.55 MB)
Plant–Animal association summary, AV0001 Dioscoreaceae — BM0031 Marantaceae (69 pages, 0.49 MB)
Plant–Animal association summary, BN0001 Musaceae — BP0726 Orchidaceae (88 pages, 0.61 MB)
Plant–Animal association summary, BQ0001 Pandanaceae — BT0242 Buchloe dactyloides (74 pages, 0.57 MB)
Plant–Animal association summary, BT0243 Calamagrostis arundinacea — BT0711 Muhlenbergia spp. (91 pages, 0.71 MB)
Plant–Animal association summary, BT0712 Nardus stricta — BT0961 Rottboellia spp. (88 pages, 0.70 MB)
Plant–Animal association summary, BT0962 Saccharum barberi — BT1062 Spartina spp. (70 pages, 0.57 MB)
Botanical index ( 0.83 MB)
References, author alphabetical (382 pages, 1.77 MB)
How to find out about a plant and its animal associates
1. Consult the Botanical Index using the common or scientific name of the plant you want to check. This will provide you with a plant code number. About 5200 pages of information are summarised to provide details for approximately 3600 species from 42 families of plants. The text files for the plant families are alphabetically sequenced, to as far as the genus Spartina in the family Poaceae.
For example, taro or dalo, Colocasia esculenta (Linnaeus) Schott has been indexed under the following four entries in the index:
Colocasia esculenta (Linnaeus) Schott;
dalo;
esculenta (Linnaeus) Schott, Colocasia; and
taro.
From the index you find that taro has been assigned the plant code AG0069. The bold number 01 indicates it is on microfiche number 1 of the Plant - Animal set of microfiches in the original publication.
2. Check the appropriate PDF file. The PDF containing information for taro, AG0069, has the plant code range of AA0001 to AH0001.
3. Locate the plant entry in the PDF by using the "Find" function. The plant codes are arranged in alphanumeric order. Therefore taro is between plant codes AG0068 and AG0070. The plant codes are on the left-hand side of a page. For example, the entry for taro is:
AG0069 — COLOCASIA ESCULENTA (Linnaeus) Schott, TARO or DALO
4. The animal associates found with the plant are listed sequentially. For the principal groups the order is as follows: Blattodea (cockroaches), Coleoptera (beetles), Dermaptera (earwigs), Diptera (flies), Heteroptera (true bugs), Homoptera (aphids, scale insects, planthoppers), Isoptera (termites), Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), Orthoptera (crickets and grasshoppers), Phasmida (stick insects), Psocoptera (barklice and booklice), Thysanoptera (thrips); then Acari (mites), Araneae (spiders), Pseudoscorpiones (false scorpions), Chilopoda (centipedes), Diplopoda (millipedes), Crustacea (crabs, woodlice, etc.); then Platyhelminthes (flatworms, etc.), Annelida (earthworms, etc.), Mollusca (slugs and snails); and finally Chordata — Osteichthyes (bony fishes), Amphibia (frogs, salamanders, etc.), Reptilia (lizards, snakes, turtles, etc.), Aves (birds), Mammalia (mammals).
5. Check out the information for an animal associate. For example, the scarab beetle Papuana armicollis Fabricius (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) has the entry:>>*Papuana armicollis Fabricius - "Taro Beetle"
This line gives the scientific and common names of the animal. The symbols preceding the scientific name `>>*' indicate that this species is an important pest in the Pacific, and is a major pest of the plant or crop under consideration. A full list of symbols follows.
Symbols used before scientific names of animals
> The taxon (e.g., species, subspecies, genus) is found in the Pacific Region.
>> The taxon is found in the Pacific Region and is a major pest of the plant or crop under consideration.
* The taxon is an important pest of one or more crops. This symbol is also used in instances where the pest causes minor damage to a wide range of crops B occasionally these pests can cause serious damage to plants growing under stressed conditions.
+ The pest causes serious damage to the crop, but as yet has not been found in the Pacific Region.
V The pest is known to be a vector of virus or virus-like diseases.
The following symbols indicate that an occurrence is not of economic importance to the plant:
[ An opening square bracket before an entry indicates that the record is not considered to be economically important.
C The record is considered to be no more than a casual occurrence on this particular host (i.e., the animal probably has no association with the host, but was found resting on the leaves, flowers, etc.).
E Experiments on feeding on this host have been conducted. The animal has not been recorded feeding on this host in natural conditions although it has done so under laboratory conditions.
I The occurrence of the animal on the host under consideration has been inferred from the reference(s) cited, but no definite records have been seen. For example, one reference gives a list of pests of coconut and oil palm; when there is no other reference to confirm the occurrence of the pests on both coconut and oil plant, they have been included as inferred records on the non-verified host.
L Animals recovered from the leaf litter associated with the plant. Note, however, that this fauna includes saprophages and sometimes larval, pupal, or adult stages of pests attacking the plant.
P Predators and parasitoids.
Q The occurrence of a given animal on a plant or plant product is represented only by quarantine interception records. These quarantine records are not regarded as evidence of occurrence in a given country. However, they are an indication of possible occurrences requiring confirmation.
R The insect has been reared in the laboratory on the plant in question. Such records may indicate food plants which would not be eaten in the wild.
S Saprophages — animals feeding on dead or dying (rotting) tissues.
X The reference(s) cited indicate that the plant under consideration is not a host for the pest.Cataloguing-in-publication (for original publication)
MADDISON, Peter A.
Pests and other fauna associated with plants, with botanical accounts of plants / by Peter A. Maddison.
– Auckland : Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd, 1993.
— (Technical report / UNDP/FAO-SPEC Survey of Agricultural Pests and Diseases in the South Pacific ; vol. 3)
I. Title II. Manaaki Whenua — Landcare Research N.Z. Ltd III. South Pacific Bureau for Economic Co-operation IV. United Nations Development Programme V. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations VI. UNDP/FAO-SPEC Survey of Agricultural Pests and Diseases in the South Pacific VII. Series
UDC 632(9)
[Last updated June 2009] Trevor K. Crosby,
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